Neurological disorder characterized by recurrent unprovoked seizures. Cannabidiol (CBD) has strong evidence for reducing seizure frequency in two rare childhood epilepsy syndromes (Dravet syndrome and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome) and is FDA-approved as Epidiolex for those indications.
What it is
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder defined by recurrent unprovoked seizures. The condition affects an estimated 3.4 million Americans. Most patients respond to anti-seizure medications, but approximately one-third develop treatment-resistant epilepsy that fails two or more first-line drugs.
Dravet syndrome and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome are rare, severe pediatric-onset epilepsies that are notoriously difficult to control and were historically refractory to nearly all available treatments.
Cannabis and cannabis-derived therapies
The 2017 NASEM consensus report classified the evidence for cannabidiol (CBD) in certain epilepsy syndromes as conclusive or substantial (the highest evidence tier in the report). This finding was based on multiple randomized clinical trials demonstrating significant seizure-frequency reductions in patients with Dravet and Lennox-Gastaut syndromes.
In 2018, the FDA approved Epidiolex (a purified plant-derived cannabidiol oral solution) for treating seizures associated with Dravet syndrome, Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, and tuberous sclerosis complex. Epidiolex is a Schedule V controlled substance and is dispensed by prescription through standard pharmacy channels, distinct from state medical-cannabis programs.
Evidence for cannabis or cannabinoids in adult-onset epilepsy and other seizure disorders remains less robust. Most state medical-cannabis programs include epilepsy or seizure disorders as qualifying conditions for adult patients.
State eligibility for Epilepsy
| State | Qualifies? | Program |
|---|---|---|
| Florida | Yes | Florida OMMU |
| Georgia | Not listed | GMCC Low-THC Registry |
| Texas | Yes | Texas Compassionate Use Program |
If your state lists Epilepsy as a qualifying condition, a Miracle Leaf® physician can evaluate you for certification.
Frequently asked questions
Is cannabis FDA-approved for epilepsy?
Cannabidiol (CBD), in the form of the pharmaceutical Epidiolex, is FDA-approved for seizures associated with Dravet syndrome, Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, and tuberous sclerosis complex in patients one year of age and older. Plant cannabis is not FDA-approved for epilepsy.
How does CBD reduce seizures?
The full mechanism is not completely understood. CBD modulates multiple non-cannabinoid receptors including 5-HT1A serotonin receptors and TRPV1 channels, and may inhibit adenosine reuptake. Unlike THC, CBD does not act primarily through the CB1 cannabinoid receptor.
Can over-the-counter CBD replace prescription Epidiolex?
Not as a substitute for seizure control. Epidiolex is a pharmaceutical-grade, dose-controlled CBD product evaluated in randomized controlled trials. Over-the-counter hemp-derived CBD products vary widely in actual cannabinoid content and have not been studied for seizure control at the 10–20 mg/kg/day doses used in Epidiolex trials.
What are the side effects of CBD for epilepsy?
The most common adverse effects observed in Epidiolex trials are somnolence, decreased appetite, diarrhea, transaminase (liver enzyme) elevations, fatigue, malaise, rash, insomnia, and infections. Liver enzymes are monitored during treatment.
Patient guidance from Miracle Leaf®
Cannabis is one of several treatment options patients with epilepsy may consider. Our physicians evaluate each patient against the qualifying-condition criteria of their state program and discuss expected benefits and risks based on current clinical evidence. We coordinate with your other treating clinicians where appropriate.
Miracle Leaf® brand products including CBD, Delta-8, and low-THC formulations are available for in-store pickup and nationwide shipping through Miracle Leaf® Store.
Sources and citations
- NASEM: The Health Effects of Cannabis and Cannabinoids (2017)
“Conclusive or substantial evidence that oral cannabidiol is effective for the treatment of certain epilepsy syndromes.” - FDA: Epidiolex (cannabidiol) prescribing information
- NIH NCCIH: Cannabis (Marijuana) and Cannabinoids
Last reviewed: 2026-05-17. This page summarizes current peer-reviewed evidence and federal guidance, and is updated whenever the source documents materially change. Not medical advice — consult a licensed clinician before starting or modifying any treatment.